AREF pin is an analog reference pin used for ADC & VACC pin is a voltage supply also used for ADC. Almost all the signals form environment are analog signals but microcontrollers understands only digital language that’s why form analog to digital conversion PORTA is used, comprises of pins from A0 to A7also known as ADC pins. The RESET pin is an active low pin which activates when a low voltage (0 volts) is applied it causes the microcontroller to starts from its default (initial) mode/state. Each port provides bi-directional I/O interface, comprises of 8 pins in which each pin is 8-bits wide. AVR Atmega32 is a 40 pin integrated chip in which 32 pins are input/output pins in the form of four ports PORTA, PORTB, PORTC & PORTD and other are voltage supply, ground, analog reference, crystal & reset pins. It can interpret 6millions instructions per seconds (MIPS). AVR Atmega32 is low power, efficient and high performance integrated chip comprises of advanced virtual RISC architecture.
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